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"PCV System (cruise and idle)
Lets start with this one first as this is the most confused part of the engine venting systems. PCV stands for Positive Crankcase Ventilation. 100% of new cars have this type of system, and is used for keeping the EPA happy, by recycling the crank case blow-by (oil and combustion gases) back into the combustion chamber.
The PCV is a one-way valve that under intake manifold vacuum (during idle and cruise) opens, and allows air to flow through the valve. One end is connected to the intake manifold and the other is connected to the crankcase, (or valve covers on some cars). When the valve opens the manifold is sucking out the crank case blow-by. Many people think there is a lot of vacuum being applied to the block. This is not the case! This isn’t true because of the other vents on the engine. Think of the PCV as creating airflow.
There is information out there about how the PCV vacuum helps seal the rings for more/better compression. This is also not true. The PCV valve creates air flow through the block to
help evacuate the blow-by. If you put a gauge on the block you will see nothing! NO VACUUM! This is a huge myth people continue to believe in. Hopefully this article can clear this up.
On the Subaru, the older WRX’s have the PCV valve screwed into the intake manifold. A hose connects this to the crank case vent junction connector. The newer cars like the STI have the PCV as part of this crank case vent junction connector. This crankcase vent junction connector joins the PCV (on either car) to the crankcase, and to another vent hose going to the turbo intake. This is another are of confusion with the WRX.
This vent hose going from the crank case junction connector to the inlet hose is another path the PCV sucks air in from. Because this is connected to the turbo inlet hose, this allows the PCV (under idle and cruise conditions) suck in fresh air, along with the crank case blow by. Under these cruise and idle conditions, the PCV sucks air from this hose, and the block through the valve cover vent hoses.
These valve cover vent hoses on both sides of the engine serve another purpose under idle and cruise conditions. Since the PCV is sucking in air from the inlet hose and the block, the air in the block is being sucked through the valve cover vents. The valve cover vents are again attached to the turbo inlet hose. So both the valve cover vents, and crank case vent are sucking in fresh air from the turbo inlet hose, of course behind the MAF sensor.
Since there are 2 pathways for the PCV to suck from on the crankcase junction connector, it will suck from the path of least resistance. At times this might be the block side, when the engine is at high RPM and no boost, when there is more blow by coming from the block. Other times it might be the shorter crankcase vent hose going to the inlet hose, when there is not much blow by.
This re-burning of the blow-by (oil and combustion gases) isn’t bad, except that it can build up carbon and deposits on the intake valves, pistons, and exhaust valves. This build up can lead to poor valve seal, compression loss, valve seat damage…… Nothing good except that you are recycling something that shouldn’t be emitted to the atmosphere.
So to recap, under idle and cruise the PCV, is sucking on the crankcase junction connector. Form the junction connector; air is being sucked through 2 things. One is the crankcase vent hose, which is attached to the turbo inlet. Two is the block, which is sucking in air from the valve cover vents, which are attached to the turbo inlet hose. The 3 main vents are getting air sucked in through them. All the system is doing is sucking in fresh air through the block and evacuating the blow-by (oil and combustion gases) into the intake manifold. Which in turn gets re-burned for cleaner emissions. You can see evidence of this if you open the throttle body and look in the manifold. You will find the oily mess. You will also find this oily mess in the intercooler, but this is from another function of the system…"