There will be a sieve before the lift pump in or near the tank.
I'd think that my wife's August 2015 VW Polo 1.2TSI 110PS will still have a petrol filter, though I'd need to check up on that, the position is or recommendation is, replace if suspected it is faulty. My 2011 Audi S4 has no replaceable petrol in its fuel system, so that means just a sieve before the lift pump.
Going as far back to maybe 2008, my wife's previous VW Polo 1.4 16V BBY, 75PS(!), had a replaceable petrol filter, but at maybe 60K miles, when I considered that it might be a good idea to replace it, I went into my local VW main
dealership - and they ordered one in for me, ie it was not a stocked item - I think that that indicates VW Group's view of what/when these petrol fuel filters should be replaced - ie even back then "on failure only".
Edit:- actually maybe nearer reality, when cars had highish pressure electric petrol pumps, the bigger source of particles in the fuel, would be these crappy highish pressure electric fuel pumps!