My thermostat went last month, had the temp sender replaced first and made no difference. Temp gauge wouldn't get above 70. If I really thrashed it, then it owuld get up to 80 but drop back down again.
Like the previous post said I just started it up from cold and left it idleing, keep feeling the pipes in and out of the radiator, they should stay cold until the car gets hot, and then open to cool it, so once the car is hot both the top and bootm pipe should be too hot to hold.
Even after a 50 mile trip on the motorway both of my pipes were warm at best, so that was definately the thermostat. I also had the excess pollution light on, rubbish MPG and once warmed up a bit, if I stopped the car and re-started it immediatley it idled at 2500 rpm for 10-20 seconds.
Replaced the thermostat and all problems gone now.