Sorry if you feel stalked, I've no recollection of commenting on one of your posts before. I just post when I think I can add something useful.
When the engine is running there is constant airflow through the inlet system and the inlet charge absorbs some heat from the block and inlet manifold, but not much as it's not in contact for very long before it goes bang.
The intercooler has to deal with the heat generated by compressing the air in the turbocharger, and cool the inlet stream as much as it can. Cooler is better, within reason: a massive intercooler will get you lower inlet temperatures but the extra cooling may be outweighed by the weight of the cooler itself. The fact that some heat will be absorbed from the inlet manifold and the cylinder walls is factored into the ECU calculations.
Heat Soak in turbocharged cars seems to mean different things to different people (from a quick google and looking at other car forums). Many people talk of it related to intercoolers, where they reach a higher equilibrium temperature on hot days that results in poor charge cooling and reduced power.
The sensors in the inlet system read manifold pressure and temperature and feed them to the ECU, which can then work out very precisely the amount of oxygen in each cylinder-full of air and inject exactly the right amount of fuel, resulting in improved fuel economy and maximum power per stroke. The Mass Air Flow sensor next to the air filter is used to fine tune the map.
Spark timing is varied by the ECU all the time to give the best power delivery from each ignition cycle. It's one of the advantages of digital engine control, replacing the distributor which only allowed very crude variation of the spark timing.
As for my avatar; I've run diesels for a long time now, after having two successive Golf GTI's stolen and burned out. Currently running a Toledo TDI 150 Sport, whose
badge is my avatar. Lovely car, looks completely innocuous, even the
badge is tiny. I feel no need to make my car look different or sporty, I just want it to go when I need to. The Toledo delivers that very well. With a turbocharger.